Research on Quantifying General Benefit in Californian Property and Business Improvement Districts

Although area-based management activities are getting attention, the organizations are struggling with ensuring sustainable budget. As one innovative solution, introducing business improvement district into Japan is proposed. However, quantifying the benefit to individual levy payer is extremely difficult. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we conducted document and interview survey. We revealed the fact that two types of benefit are defined in California law and the process of those definition is separated two phases, which are science and magic. Also, we revealed specific ways to quantify General Benefit.