Diagnostics are central to pandemic preparedness, guiding surveillance, clinical care, and public health response. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed limitations in diagnostic infrastructure but also accelerated innovation across assay types, created accessible testing mechanisms, and demonstrated the value of public-private partnerships. This review outlines the critical roles diagnostics play across pandemic phases, from early detection to post recovery surveillance. We review the current diagnostic landscape for pandemic priority pathogens and unmet needs and challenges and examine recent advances in analytical technologies, including isothermal amplification, CRISPR-based methods, alternative sample types, and novel platforms, with a focus on their potential for rapid deployment and field use. We also explore the emergence of diagnostic accelerators and biorepositories that support assay validation and global test availability. For analytical chemists, pandemic preparedness presents a call to action: to develop, validate, and translate innovative tools that can adapt to meet urgent diagnostic needs during future health emergencies.
Hoy-Schulz et al. (2026) studied this question.