Analysis and synthesis of functional capabilities of monitoring systems of vehicle operation processes

Vehicle monitoring and operational management systems constitute a key component of modern transport infrastructure. The aim of this study was to analyse and systematise the functional capabilities of vehicle operational monitoring systems. The functional features of existing vehicle monitoring systems were examined, analysed, and synthesised. The systematisation of hardware configurations within these systems was conducted using morphological analysis. The analysis and synthesis of functional capabilities were performed through the systematisation of hardware configurations in existing monitoring systems. A generalised morphological formula for an integrated vehicle monitoring system was developed, comprising five core functional elements: operator monitoring tools; vehicle condition monitoring tools; vehicle monitoring tools; infrastructure interaction monitoring tools; and information analysis and utilisation tools for end users. This formula captured twenty morphological characteristics of these functional elements, as implemented in current monitoring systems. The synthesis of permissible morphological variants enables the construction of actual system configurations and facilitates the identification of the structure and functional potential of existing monitoring systems. Existing vehicle monitoring systems were identified, and their capabilities for monitoring vehicle operation were determined. Based on an analysis of the advantages and limitations of the systems under study, appropriate conditions for their application were established, along with the level of implementation of core monitoring functions, and the potential for developing both basic and diverse system components. The practical value of this research lies in providing guidelines for optimising the design and deployment of vehicle monitoring systems to enhance operational efficiency and safety