The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of bed regulation and the unequal distribution between the public and private sectors. This study identified challenges such as insufficient beds, difficulties in admitting patients, and a reduction in outpatient services. Large municipalities have expanded beds through field hospitals and agreements with private hospitals. Small and medium-sized municipalities adopted regional strategies and multiple protocols. Regional coordination and state regulation were crucial in managing the response, but difficulties with supplies and human resources impacted on access. The incorporation of digital mechanisms and new regulatory strategies was important, despite the structural and political challenges that aggravated the emergency response.
Freire et al. (2026) studied this question.