Neurosyphilis presenting with mesial temporal encephalitis and Argyll Robertson pupils: a diagnostic clue in the modern era

Key Points

• To highlight the presentation of neurosyphilis with distinctive symptoms and evaluate diagnostic implications.
• Clinical assessment of a male patient with confusion and cognitive decline.
• Administration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) during evaluation.
• Observation of neurological signs including Argyll Robertson pupils.
• Patient presented with confusion, amnesia, and disorientation.
• Distinctive Argyll Robertson pupils noted.
• Findings raise awareness of neurosyphilis as a diagnostic consideration in encephalitis.