AbstractBihar’s development depends on its economic sustainability, which is described as fostering long-term economic growth, prosperity, and stability while reducing environmental impact and guaranteeing social fairness. However, the state faces many difficulties, such as a low per capita income of Rs 43,605 (2020–2021), which is much lower than India’s average of Rs 86,659, and a multidimensional poverty rate of 33.76% (2019–2021) as a result of limited industrialization, reliance on agriculture, water scarcity, climate change, brain drain, skill gap, corruption, and ineffective bureaucracy.To achieve economic sustainability, Bihar needs to invest in human capital and infrastructure, encourage innovation and entrepreneurship, diversify beyond agriculture, prioritise sustainable farming practices, strengthen institutional frameworks, leverage strategic locations for trade, and monitor progress using SDG indicators. By doing this, Bihar can overcome challenges, seize opportunities, and ensure a prosperous future. Benefits include higher living standards, more employment, increased competitiveness, decreased poverty and inequality, better healthcare, environmental preservation, and improved education, all of which will increase resilience to economic shocks.
Sadaf Fatima (2025) studied this question.