Techniques for Bioavailability Enhancement of BCS Class Ii Drugs: A Review

Drugs have different degrees of solubility which has an impact on the bioavailability of the drug in the body. Low solubility drugs in water have the greatest solubility problems. The effectiveness of drug formulations and therapies is limited for Class II BCS drugs, which exhibit high permeability but poor solubility. This review focuses on various techniques Employed to improve the solubility of BCS Class II drugs. A number of traditional and contemporary methods are employed. These include solid dispersions, complexation with cyclodextrins, nanosizing, surfactant formulations, and lipid-based drugs. The review covers in detail the mechanism of molecular dispersion, complexation with cyclodextrins, nano-crystallization, surfactant formulations, and lipid-based drugs, discussing the pros and cons of each method. The review also covers the recent innovations in the formulation BCS Class II like amorphous drug formulations, supercritical fluid technology, and nanocrystals.