The rise of Industry 4.0 has redefined the transportation sector through advanced digital technologies, with blockchain emerging as a transformative force. This study examines the role of blockchain technology in modernizing transportation systems, particularly within supply chain management, logistics operations, and real-time freight tracking. By leveraging its decentralized, transparent, and immutable nature, blockchain enhances traceability, operational efficiency, and trust across complex logistics networks. The paper explores integration synergies between blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI), enabling real-time data collection, predictive analytics, and secure information sharing. Key challenges such as high implementation costs, scalability issues, and regulatory barriers are addressed, alongside strategic frameworks for successful adoption, including pilot projects and stakeholder collaboration. Additionally, the study highlights blockchain’s role in promoting sustainability, optimizing resource use, reducing emissions, and fostering eco-friendly practices. This research provides actionable insights into blockchain’s potential to revolutionize transportation systems while paving the way for Industry 5.0 innovations.
Neumannová et al. (2026) studied this question.