Most cases of NLI can be managed successfully with prompt anticoagulation and adjunctive therapy. Neonates with occlusive arterial thrombosis and poor collateral circulation represent the highest-risk group and may require escalation to thrombolysis or surgery. Early multidisciplinary involvement is essential. An evidence-based treatment algorithm is presented to support clinical decision-making.
Natalwala et al. (2026) studied this question.