Purpose: This study aims to identify the underlying typologies of intragenerational conflict among older adults participating in physical activity programs and to develop and validate a reliable measurement scale to assess these conflicts. Method: A preliminary item pool was developed based on qualitative, in-depth interviews with older participants. After conducting a pilot test (n=50) to ensure linguistic clarity and content relevance, the main survey was administered to 330 adults aged 65 years and older at senior welfare centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The scale’s structural integrity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to verify construct validity, reliability, and the adequacy of the measurement model. Results: The EFA identified a four-factor structure comprising 20 items, which accounted for 65.15% of the total variance. These factors were categorized as (1) relational conflict, (2) sensory conflict, (3) role and authority conflict, and (4) intragenerational behavioral conflict. CFA results demonstrated an acceptable model fit (CFI= .921, TLI=.908, RMSEA=.073), with all standardized factor loadings exceeding .50. Furthermore, the composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) values surpassed the recommended thresholds, establishing strong convergent and discriminant validity for the final scale. Conclusion: This study successfully developed and validated a 20-item instrument for the multidimensional assessment of intragenerational conflict in elderly physical activity settings. The resulting scale provides an essential diagnostic framework for future empirical research and serves as a practical tool for practitioners to design evidence-based conflict management strategies in senior welfare institutions.
Yun et al. (2026) studied this question.