Smallholder farming systems in Senegal face challenges in yield improvement due to limited access to modern agricultural practices and technologies. A difference-in-differences (DID) model will be applied to longitudinal data collected from a sample of smallholder farms. The DID approach will compare changes in yields before and after the intervention period for treated and control groups. The analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in crop yield by 15% among treated farms compared to controls, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference-in-differences estimate of (0. 8%, 3. 2%). The DID model demonstrated its effectiveness in quantifying yield improvements attributable to specific interventions. Further research should investigate long-term impacts and explore scalability across different regions of Senegal. The empirical specification follows Y=₀+^ X+, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Diop et al. (2009) studied this question.