ABSTRACT Partly melted oxide functional materials with high density of solid/liquid interfaces have a great potential for application in sustainable electrochemical technologies (oxygen gas separation and energy conversion) owing to their rapid bulk and surface oxygen kinetics at moderate temperatures. Compared to traditional solid oxide functional materials, the partly melted oxide functional materials with lower activated barriers for oxide ion migration and oxygen surface exchange reaction present an interesting alternative, potentially proposing excellent performance at intermediate operating temperatures. During the melting of a crystalline solid, there is a sharp decrease in long‐range order and viscosity, which changes the dynamics significantly. Depending on the oxide melt viscosity, the oxygen mass transport mechanisms may vary. At the present time there is not sufficient understanding of the oxygen transport and surface exchange mechanisms in partly melted oxide functional materials, which significantly hinders their progress and implementation in clean energy technology. This review summarizes current knowledge about the mechanisms of oxide ion transport and oxygen surface exchange in promising partly melted oxide functional materials and identifies directions for future research.
V. A. Belousov (2026) studied this question.