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March 10, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Probing Extra Dimensions via the QCD Spectral Scar: Multi-Component Dark Matter from Type IIB String Compactifications with Kaluza-Klein Moduli

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PPPedro Filipe Soares Pinto

Key Points

  • The aim is to establish a framework for dark matter production through Type IIB string theory compactifications.
  • Developed a comprehensive theoretical framework for dark matter production.
  • Analyzed the moduli multiplicity mechanism in Calabi-Yau threefold compactifications.
  • Calculated production rates and relic abundances for dark matter species.
  • Identified QCD spectral scar effects in the matter power spectrum.
  • Successfully replicated the observed dark matter relic abundance without fine-tuning.
  • Predicted a 3–5% suppression dip in the matter power spectrum linked to the QCD trace anomaly.
  • Demonstrated the stability of moduli against decay to Standard Model degrees of freedom.

Abstract

We present a comprehensive framework for dark matter (DM) production withinType IIB string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau threefold, embedding and extending an earlier Kaluza-Klein (KK) radion mechanism Pinto 2026. The observedDM relic abundance ΩDMh2 = 0.120±0.001 Aghanim et al. 2020 is reproducedwith striking economy by the moduli multiplicity mechanism: a Calabi-Yau compactification with h1,1 = 40 K¨ahler moduli produces Nmod = 40 independentlyfreeze-in produced dark matter species, each contributing Ωih2 ≈ 3 × 10−3, so thatthe geometrically determined sum ΩDMh2 = 40 × 3 × 10−3 = 0.120 matches thePlanck 2018 measurement exactly, without fine-tuning of any parameter. Thispurely topological resolution of the single-species relic abundance deficit identifiedin Ref. Pinto 2026 is the central result of this paper. We provide step-by-stepderivations of all production rates, relic abundances, and screening mechanisms.The key cosmological novelty is the QCD spectral scar: the QCD trace anomalyat T ∼ 150 MeV imprints a 3–5% suppression dip in the matter power spectrumat co-moving wavenumber k ∼ 0.01hMpc−1, constituting a falsifiable predictiontestable by DESI and the Rubin Observatory LSST within the next five years. Fourstructural pillars of the framework are identified and rigorously demonstrated: (I) Inmulti-large-cycle compactifications (Fibre Inflation or Swiss-cheese geometries withseveral large cycles), all h1,1 fibre moduli acquire masses mϕ ∼ O(1) GeV, screenedat λ ∼10−16 m, satisfying all fifth-force constraints by twelve orders of magnitude;(II) A geometric Z2 parity in the orbifold stabilisation renders all moduli absolutely stable against decay to StandardModel (SM)degreesof freedom,evadingtheCosmologicalModuliProblem(CMP)andBigBangNucleosynthesis(BBN)bounds;(III)TheHodgenumberh1,1=40oftheCalabi-Yauisthesingletopological inputthatfixestherelicabundance: 40×0.003=0.120; (IV)TheQCDspectral scarprovides an irreducible observational signatur euniqueto geometric,multi-modulidarkmatter.

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Pedro Filipe Soares Pinto (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69af959570916d39fea4d55ehttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18908185
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