Marangoni Circulations during Meniscus Splitting Meniscus splitting pattern emerges during drying of aqueous polymer dispersions in an open-top Hele–Shaw cell. In pectin dispersions, particle image velocimetry visualizes the evolution of Marangoni convection, revealing the significant bulk circulations beneath the seemingly calm interface. Confluence and bifurcation of the mass flow spatiotemporally shape the skin-layer densification. More details can be found in The Research Article by Leijie Wu and Kosuke Okeyoshi (DOI: 10.1002/admi.202500655).
Wu et al. (Sun,) studied this question.