RIF co-administration with gemigliptin, evogliptin and canagliflozin requires caution and potential requiring dose adjustments, while saxagliptin, dapagliflozin, ertugliflozin and empagliflozin appear safer alternatives. Haematologic monitoring is recommended when combining linezolid and dapagliflozin. However, current evidence remains limited by small sample sizes, single-dose designs, inclusion of mainly healthy participants, and lack of data on GLP-1a or other anti-TB agents. The limited inclusion of DM patients with TB, restricted to one study with latent TB infection, further reduces generalisability. We developed a clinical decision algorithm to support co-treatment in TB - DM cases, but further dedicated studies are warranted to guide optimal co-treatment.
Gomes et al. (2026) studied this question.