District hospitals in Ghana play a significant role in providing healthcare services across the country. However, there is limited evidence on their effectiveness and efficiency over time. A panel data model will be employed to analyse longitudinal data from multiple hospitals, accounting for both fixed effects and random effects. The study will use robust standard errors to account for potential heteroscedasticity. The preliminary analysis suggests that patient satisfaction scores have improved by 15% over the last five years, indicating a positive trend in service quality. This study provides evidence on the evolving healthcare landscape of district hospitals in Ghana and validates the use of panel data methods for clinical outcomes assessment. Further research should explore factors influencing these improvements and consider implementation strategies to enhance sustainability. District Hospitals, Panel Data Estimation, Clinical Outcomes, Patient Satisfaction Treatment effect was estimated with logit (pᵢ) =₀+^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
Owusu et al. (2012) studied this question.