Research findings on key influencing factors of tunnel traffic safety revealed that driver-related factors dominated accident causation, followed by traffic facilities and road factors. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant associations among traffic facility parameters (position, frequency, and color). The improved algorithm quantitatively identified facility position, arrangement frequency, and facility color as critical factors influencing tunnel exit safety. These results provided scientifically validated identification of key determinants, establishing an evidence base for tunnel traffic injury prevention and safety enhancement measures.
Jiao et al. (2026) studied this question.