ABSTRACT The objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to investigate the effects of vitamin E supplementation on maternal and neonatal vitamin E status. Studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing vitamin E supplementation in pregnant women with placebo were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool were independently performed by reviewers. Meta‐analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.4, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Six RCTs including 3.823 pregnant women met the inclusion criteria. Vitamin E supplementation significantly increased maternal serum α‐TOH concentrations (SMD = 4.89; 95% CI: 2.89–6.89; p < 0.001), although substantial heterogeneity was observed ( I 2 = 99%). Maternal serum levels of vitamin E were measured at baseline and postpartum. No significant effects were found for gestational age at birth (SMD = 0.04 weeks; 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.11; I 2 = 0%; p = 0.29) or birth weight (SMD = −0.02 g; 95% CI: −0.09 to 0.04; I 2 = 62%; p = 0.49). Overall, the studies showed a low risk of bias, with evidence certainty ranging from low to moderate. Meta‐analysis results indicate that vitamin E supplementation during pregnancy increases maternal α‐TOH levels but shows no consistent clinical benefits for neonatal outcomes. Evidence is limited and heterogeneous, highlighting the need for well‐designed trials to clarify its role.
Carneiro et al. (2026) studied this question.