The Developmental Politics of Land Conflict Resolution: Insights From Indonesia's TORA Programme

ABSTRACT Land reform has been promoted as a solution to agrarian inequality, yet its implications for Indigenous communal rights remain contested. This study examines the Indonesian government's implementation of the land reform framework to resolve a conflict between the Senama Nenek Indigenous community in Riau and the state‐owned company PTPN V over 2800 ha of customary land. Using a mixed‐methods approach, the study shows that conflict solution transformed communal customary land into individual titles, granting legal certainty but undermining collective tenure. The case highlights how Indonesia's liberal agrarian reform framework reshapes Indigenous relations to land by privileging private ownership over communal rights.