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April 3, 2026Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery0 citationsOpen Access

Quality-of-Life Impact of Lymphovenous Anastomosis in Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

SKSailesh I S KumarBSBruno Albuquerque SousaMBMatheus Monteiro de Luna Barros

Key Points

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of lymphovenous anastomosis in improving quality of life in breast cancer-related lymphedema.
  • Conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 studies on lymphovenous anastomosis.
  • Included both prevention and treatment settings for breast cancer-related lymphedema.
  • Assessed quality of life using validated questionnaires and applied random-effects modeling for analysis.
  • There was no significant quality of life benefit from preventive lymphovenous anastomosis compared to axillary lymph node dissection alone.
  • Therapeutic lymphovenous anastomosis significantly improved quality of life, especially in physical and mental health domains.
  • Subgroup analysis showed notable improvements in physical function (SMD 1.54) and mental function (SMD 1.03).

Abstract

Background:Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) significantly impairs quality of life (QOL) following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).Lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) is utilized for both prevention (immediate lymphatic reconstruction, ILR) and treatment of BCRL.This meta-analysis evaluated LVA effectiveness in QOL across both settings. Methods:Literature search identified 795 studies and 13 met inclusion criteria: four (258 ILR+ALND, 400 ALND-only) examined LVA for prevention, and nine (316 patients) evaluated LVA for treatment of BCRL.QOL was assessed using different validated questionnaires.Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects modeling and Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman adjustment for conservative confidence intervals.Results were reported as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results:ILR+ALND did not show statistically significant QOL benefits compared to ALND-only(SMD 0.77, 95% CI -1.17 to 2.70, p=0.23) with substantial heterogeneity (I=95%), indicating variability in measurement approaches.But therapeutic LVA for established BCRL demonstrated statistically significant improvement in QOL (SMD 0.86, 95% CI 0.62-1.10,p<0.0001) with low heterogeneity (I=26%, p=0.16), suggesting consistent benefit.Subgroup analysis by QOL domains demonstrated significantly improved physical function (SMD 1.54, 95% CI 0.38-2.71,p=0.02) and mental function (SMD 1.03, 95% CI 0.37-1.68,p=0.01).However, household (p=0.08),social (p=0.07), and mobility activities (p=0.27), did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion:Therapeutic LVA significantly improved QOL in patients with BCRL across physical function and mental health domains.In contrast, insufficient evidence exists for prophylactic ILR during ALND on QoL outcomes, limited by few studies, substantial heterogeneity, and the inclusion of all ALND patients rather than those who developed lymphedema, potentially obscuring its protective effects.

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Cite This Study

Kumar et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69cf588f5a333a821460992ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2026.03.046
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