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April 4, 2026Advanced Functional Materials1 citations

Efficient Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence via Engineering Heavy‐Atom Effect and Band‐Edge Arrangement in 0D d 10 Metal (M=Zn, Cd) Halides for Anti‐Counterfeiting

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GZGuojun ZhouRHRongxiang HaoYMYilin Mao

Key Points

  • The aim is to enhance room-temperature phosphorescence in 0D d10 metal halides for improved optoelectronic applications.
  • Developed a pair of isostructural hybrid bromides using a π-conjugated ligand as an organic template.
  • Engineered inorganic units [MBr4]2– (M=Zn, Cd) for improved structural rigidity.
  • Studied the effect of heavy-atom substitution from Zn2+ to Cd2+ on phosphorescence efficiency.
  • Phosphorescence quantum yields increased from 10.2% for Zn2+ to 45.75% for Cd2+.
  • Cd2+ system provided more efficient intersystem crossing channels, enhancing RTP efficiency.
  • Achieved superior RTP emission characteristics with a longer afterglow and improved longevity.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Advancing room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is pivotal for optoelectronics, yet a key challenge lies in precisely controlling exciton dynamics to boost RTP efficiency. This study presents a strategic approach to enhance RTP in 0D d 10 metal halides by engineering the inorganic units MBr 4 2– ( M ═Zn, Cd). Using a π‐conjugated ligand as organic template, we constructed a pair of isostructural hybrid bromides with 0D “host‐guest” structure, namely (PTPP) 2 MBr 4 (PTPP = Pentyltriphenylphosphonium, M ═Zn and Cd). They exhibit the cyan afterglow originating from the RTP emission of PTPP + (T 1 →S 0 ), whose efficiency and lifetime surpass those of the pristine organic chromophore due to enhanced structural rigidity. Importantly, the substitution of Zn 2+ by heavier Cd 2+ triggers a dual role: a stronger heavy‐atom effect and a band‐edge arrangement transform from Type II to reverse Type I. The phosphorescence quantum yields (Φ P ) increase dramatically from 10.2% ( M ═Zn) to 45.75% ( M ═Cd). The Cd 2+ ‐system provides more efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) channels (S 1 →T n ) and faster ISC rate, accounting for superior RTP efficiency. Furthermore, they can be employed in multi‐level anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption. This work elucidates the dual functionality of d 10 metal center in modulating spin‐orbit coupling and electronic structure, providing new insights for the rational design of RTP materials.

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Cite This Study

Zhou et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69d0ae94659487ece0fa473dhttps://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202532146
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