Collectively, TRF enriches SCFA-producing Ruminococcus through a gut lactate-driven histone lactylation-SLC9A3 signaling axis, thereby alleviating inflammation and fibrosis in Crohn's disease under preventive conditions. Ruminococcus-derived SCFA further enhances epithelial mitochondrial β-oxidation and activates HIF-1α-dependent signaling pathways to strengthen the barrier integrity. This study provides a compelling mechanistic foundation for the clinical exploration of TRF as a therapeutic dietary strategy for patients with CD.
Huang et al. (2026) studied this question.