Competitive solvent occupation chemistry enabling robust four-electron conversion for anti-freezing aqueous zinc-iodine batteries

Key Points

• This research aims to address the challenges of polyiodide shuttling and iodine instability in zinc-iodine batteries, especially at low temperatures.
• Investigated solvent occupation chemistry in aqueous zinc-iodine systems
• Evaluated performance under low-temperature conditions
• Analyzed conversion efficiency of iodides
• Achieved robust four-electron conversion
• Reduced polyiodide shuttling significantly
• Improved battery stability and performance at low temperatures