A BSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have emerged as transformative technologies increasingly recognized in health care, particularly for precision-focused applications in radiotherapy. These immersive technologies can enhance patient care by supporting visualization, alleviating anxiety, and improving education and training throughout the radiotherapy workflow. AR and VR applications encompass professional training, patient positioning, patient education, treatment planning visualization, and workflow optimization. However, despite these opportunities, challenges such as high equipment costs, data security concerns, system integration, and compatibility issues, as well as a lack of standardized clinical guidelines, hinder routine clinical adoption. This review aims to summarize the use of AR and VR in clinical radiotherapy, highlight their opportunities and challenges, and identify future directions for effective clinical implementation.
Kakati et al. (2026) studied this question.