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Consumer perceptions of reference group influence on product and brand decisions were examined using 645 members of a consumer panel and 151 respondents in a followup study. Differences for 16 products in informational, value expressive, and utilitarian influence were investigated in a nested repeated measures design. The results support hypothesized differences in reference group influence between publicly and privately consumed products and luxuries and necessities.
Bearden et al. (1982) studied this question.