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April 12, 2026Complex & Intelligent Systems0 citationsOpen Access

Efficient optimization of large language models: a hybrid approach combining linear attention, chunk, and recurrent

CZCheng ZhangLSLinlin ShenYLYudong Li

Key Points

  • The research aims to enhance the efficiency of large language models by utilizing a hybrid optimization approach.
  • Combined linear attention with chunking and recurrent mechanisms.
  • Applied kernel function mapping to reduce time complexity from O(n^2) to O(n).
  • Implemented dynamic chunk-based processing to compress KV cache effectively.
  • Used hard thresholding, adaptive gating, and hierarchical chunking to filter tokens.
  • The proposed model with 3.2B parameters outperforms dense models of similar scale.
  • It matches the performance of larger models on certain tasks.
  • Evaluation tools demonstrated significant efficiency improvements.

Abstract

This research proposes a hybrid approach that combines linear attention, chunking, and recurrent mechanisms to address the efficiency issues of Large Language Models (LLMs) within the traditional transformer framework. Our approach integrates three key innovations: We use linear attention to employ kernel function mapping to reduce time and space complexity from O (n²) to O (n) ; The proposed dynamic chunk-based processing, can compress 5 times KV cache with mean pooling; Through 3 different ways, our hard thresholding, adaptive gating, and hierarchical chunking, can filter token and reduce load. The result shows that it can actually improve the efficiency of LLM, and performs excellently among some evaluation tools. Experiments demonstrate that our 3. 2B parameter model achieves excellent performance in multiple benchmark tests, outperforming dense models of similar scale and even matching the performance of larger models in certain tasks, which provides a theoretically grounded and empirically validated framework for efficient LLM optimization.

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Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69db365c4fe01fead37c484dhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-026-02290-8
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