The findings of this study support the use of stand-alone LLIF as a treatment option for ASD after previous posterior fusion. Compared with those treated with circumferential LLIF and posterior extension of fusion, patients treated with stand-alone LLIF had less domino ASD revision surgery, spent less time in the operating room, and had shorter hospital stays, with comparable radiographic outcomes except for a higher rate of cage subsidence.
Burkhard et al. (2026) studied this question.