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Synapse
April 13, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Cognitive Impairment in Long-Covid Syndrome (Brain Fog): Neuroinflammatory Markers and Long-Term Prognoses

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AKAzamat KhabibullayevDKDilshodaxon Khakikatbekova

Key Points

  • To investigate the cognitive impairment associated with Long-COVID syndrome, particularly 'brain fog', and its neuroinflammatory basis.
  • Analyzed cognitive functions focusing on attention, executive function, and memory in Long-COVID patients.
  • Evaluated the role of neuroinflammatory markers in cognitive dysfunction.
  • Assessed long-term clinical prognoses related to cognitive impairment.
  • Identified significant deficits in attention, executive function, and memory among Long-COVID patients.
  • Correlated higher levels of neuroinflammatory markers with increased cognitive dysfunction.
  • Indicated that cognitive impairment persists in many patients, impacting long-term quality of life.

Abstract

Background: Long-COVID syndrome, or the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, has emerged as a significant public health challenge, with "brain fog" being one of its most debilitating neurological manifestations. This cognitive dysfunction encompasses deficits in attention, executive function, and memory, severely impacting the quality of life. This article explores the underlying mechanisms of cognitive impairment in Long-COVID patients, focusing on the pivotal role of neuroinflammatory markers and evaluating long-term clinical prognoses.

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Cite This Study

Khabibullayev et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69dc89473afacbeac03eb151https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19519826
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1POST-COVID-19 COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AS A NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYNDROME: A REVIEW OF MECHANISMS, CLINICAL FEATURES, AND IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE2025
  2. 2Neurological impairment in long COVID: implications for neurodegenerative disease2026
  3. 3The neuropsychological impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 in nonhospitalized patients with long coronavirus disease and brain fog2024 · 4 citations
  4. 4Clinical and CSF single-cell profiling of post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment2024 · 22 citations
  5. 5Long COVID: lung pathophysiology and its relationship with cognitive dysfunction2025 · 1 citations