Peripheral Spondyloarthritis: Demystifying the Ambiguity!

Peripheral spondyloarthritis (pSpA) includes many cases of PsA, ReA, IBD-SpA, and a subset without features of psoriasis, IBD and preceding infection, referred to as ‘pure’ pSpA. It is well documented that peripheral manifestations contribute considerably to the morbidity of SpA. However, despite a lot of advances in the treatment of axSpA with the introduction of newer biological agents targeting IL-17, IL-23, and JAK pathways, pSpA (excluding psoriatic arthritis) remains an area devoid of much research, with only a few clinical trials. In this narrative review, we tried to look into this entity of pSpA, excluding psoriatic arthritis (non-psoriatic pSpA). Future studies should focus on genetics, the development of specific biomarkers, exclusive classification criteria, specific outcome measures, imaging modalities and randomised control trials in pSpA.