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A versatile heterogeneous catalyst consisting of sub-nanosized iridium clusters deposited on titania (Ir/TiO2-NCs) promotes the direct tandem synthesis of quinoline derivatives from readily available nitroarenes and aliphatic alcohols under mild and additive-free conditions (see scheme). The process tolerates the presence of various reactive functional groups and is highly selective.
He et al. (2011) studied this question.