In this study, a novel energetic composite based on nitrochitosan (NCS) and diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) was formulated and thoroughly characterized to evaluate its structural integrity, thermal behavior, and decomposition kinetics. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the structural integrity and homogeneity of the as-prepared NCS/DEGDN matrix, with no detectable chemical modifications resulting from the incorporation of the plasticizer. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed a three-step decomposition process involving the partial volatilization of DEGDN, followed by the thermolysis of the NCS/DEGDN matrix and the subsequent degradation of the polymer backbone. Differential scanning calorimetry coupled with isoconversional kinetic modeling indicated two distinct decomposition stages governed by a chemical reaction model (F 3/4 ) and a phase-boundary controlled mechanism (R 3 ). The apparent activation energies were 97.2±8.2 kJ/mol and 139.3±8.5 kJ/mol, respectively, with the first stage showing lower values than those typically reported for nitrocellulose-based double-base propellants (130–190 kJ/mol), suggesting enhanced thermal reactivity and easier initiation. Overall, this work provides new insights into the thermal decomposition and kinetic behavior of the NCS/DEGDN composite and demonstrates its promise as an energetic matrix for advanced propellant formulations.
Tarchoun et al. (2026) studied this question.