The poultry processing sector in Southwest Nigeria is expanding rapidly, yet systematic evidence on sustainable waste management pathways remains fragmented. Existing studies largely document disposal practices without integrating sustainability frameworks or assessing comparative recovery technologies. This review addresses this gap by synthesizing peer-reviewed evidence on poultry waste streams, current management practices, environmental and public health impacts, and sustainable alternatives within a circular economy perspective. Using a systematic literature review of 15 peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2025, which were obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, and AJOL databases. The study applies thematic synthesis to identify dominant practices, structural barriers, and enabling conditions for resource recovery. Findings reveal a heavy reliance on open dumping, land application, and low-efficiency composting, driven by weak regulatory enforcement, limited technical capacity, and financial constraints. By comparatively assessing composting, anaerobic digestion, and energy recovery options, this review provides a structured sustainability-oriented synthesis that informs policy prioritization, technology selection, and future research directions for poultry waste management in Southwest Nigeria.
Olaitan et al. (2026) studied this question.