Breast cancer is the most fatal cancer in women worldwide, and despite progress in cancer treatment methods, its therapy remains a primary health issue. Inadequate apoptosis level is one of the main reasons for radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance in many cancers, including breast cancer. Besides, gene therapy is one of the new methods that has been proposed and developed in recent decades for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Since changes in miRNA level, which are one of the different types of RNA molecules, have been proven in assorted diseases, they are utilized as a gene therapy agent to exert influence in diverse signaling pathways, which are effective in unappealing biological alterations. In lots of studies, miRNAs' role in the apoptosis pathway, solely or in combination with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, has been investigated. Many miRNAs and anti-miRNAs have been demonstrated as radiosensitizers/radioresistance agents and chemosensitizers/chemoresistance agents through apoptosis cell death pathways, and numerous miRNAs have been introduced as apoptotic regulators, and they have a good potential to be radiosensitizers; their role in these pathways must be investigated. In the current review, we have tried to investigate and summarize radiosensitive and radioresistant miRNAs and anti-miRNAs that have been utilized in breast cancer.
Amiri et al. (2026) studied this question.