The relationship between mind, brain, and behavior has been a central concern in both modern neuropsychological research and ancient yogic science. While neuropsychology emerged as a scientific discipline in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, yogic traditions dating back thousands of years have long explored consciousness, cognition, and mental regulation. This paper presents a historical and conceptual review of neuropsychological research and yogic science, highlighting their convergences and divergences. The study traces the evolution of neuropsychology from early localization theories to contemporary cognitive neuroscience, emphasizing contributions from pioneers such as Broca, Wernicke, and Luria. Simultaneously, it examines the philosophical and practical foundations of yogic science as articulated in classical texts like the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali and the Upanishads. Modern scientific investigations into yoga and meditation are also reviewed, demonstrating their impact on brain structure, neural plasticity, and psychological well-being. The findings suggest that yogic practices, including meditation, pranayama, and mindfulness, have measurable neuropsychological effects, supporting their integration into modern therapeutic and educational contexts. The paper argues for a holistic approach that bridges ancient wisdom and contemporary science to enhance mental health and cognitive functioning.
Dr. Md Kamrul Hassan (2026) studied this question.