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April 26, 2026Angewandte Chemie0 citations

Integrative, Orientational Self‐Sorting at the Four‐Crossing Level in Molecular Knots and Links

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QMQiu‐Shui MuZLZ J LiGJGuo‐Xin Jin

Key Points

  • This research investigates a self-sorting strategy for creating complex molecular structures using unsymmetrical ligands and rigid building blocks.
  • Employing unsymmetric flexible bidentate ligands to co-assemble with rigid chelating building blocks.
  • Utilizing a 'MIM-to-MIM' transformation for fully interlocked molecular species.
  • Systematic investigation of three distinct topologies: Solomon link, figure-eight knot, and trefoil knot.
  • Successfully constructed a heteroleptic Solomon link through non-statistical self-sorting.
  • Demonstrated the first example of both reactants and products being discrete mechanically interlocked molecules.
  • Highlighted the role of noncovalent interactions and geometric complementarity in self-sorting behavior.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Low‐symmetry mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) remain challenging targets because of their anisotropic structures and synthetic complexity. We devised a self‐sorting strategy employing two unsymmetric flexible bidentate ligands, L ab and L cd , which co‐assemble with two size‐differentiated rigid chelating building blocks and half‐sandwich organometallic units. This approach yields three discrete topologies with high orientational fidelity: a Solomon link (), a figure‐eight knot (4 1 ), and a trefoil (3 1 ) knot, enabling systematic investigation of oriented entanglements. Notably, we successfully implemented a “MIM‐to‐MIM” strategy that enables the transformation between fully interlocked molecular species, representing the first example in which both reactants and products are discrete MIMs. Through either this interlocked molecular fusion process or completely integrative self‐sorting of mixed unsymmetric components, a heteroleptic Solomon link was constructed in a non‐statistical manner. The outcome highlights how diverse noncovalent interactions, the conformational adaptability of ligands, and geometric complementarity cooperate to direct complex self‐sorting behavior in unpredictable, non‐rigid mixed‐assembly systems.

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Cite This Study

Mu et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69edad274a46254e215b4dbehttps://doi.org/10.1002/ange.6063605
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