In this article, we investigate formation of students' aesthetic culture in the process of teaching the “mushkulot” section of “shashmaqom” using listening to music. The main objective of this study is ensuring the student's all-around development and harmoniously shaping their psycho-emotional, cultural-aesthetic, and cognitive potential through a multidisciplinary approach to the music education process. We employ technology for uncovering the aesthetic and expressive potential of “Mushkilot” songs based on art therapy methods, and for effectively organizing the educational process on that basis to foster a positive psycho-emotional state in the student by utilizing the psychotherapeutic properties of music. From a neurobiological perspective, the rhythm and melodies of the “Mushkulot” modulates limbic activities and enhance release of neurotransmitters therefor, influencing emotional regulation, attention, and cognitive behavior during the learning process. The results indicate that, within the framework of music art therapy, reflection through the musical listening experience ensures emotional understanding, the analysis of one's mental state, and the perception and expression of changes, leading to the introduction of integrated, interactive, and personalized learning technologies, enhances the effectiveness of the pedagogical process, and enables the deeper development of students' aesthetic culture through problem-based learning. These findings provide new insights into the Mushkilot section of the Shashmaqom, with its intricate structure, melodic richness, and profound philosophical content, has great potential not only for musical, but also for spiritual and aesthetic education, and the proposed approach can be applied to organizing the learning process at the intersection of music, Psychology, pedagogy, and cultural studies.
Yarashe et al. (2026) studied this question.