Genetic research holds immense potential to advance personalised medicine and enhance patient outcomes. However, Africa’s diverse and historically marginalised populations remain significantly underrepresented in these studies, thus limiting the relevance and reach of genomic advancements. By examining African communities through an anthropological lens, this narrative review highlights the importance of their lived realities and holistic perspectives on Genetic and Genomic Research (GGR). Beyond advocating for their inclusion, raising the importance of embedding intentional integrated medical practices, culturally sensitive ethical principles and fostering equitable long-term partnerships both locally and globally. These efforts are essential for strengthening healthcare infrastructure and ensuring that the benefits of GGR are shared fairly. Ultimately, fostering authentic participation and sustained trust in scientific research across Africa requires transparent dialogue, inclusive collaboration and a principled commitment to respecting community autonomy, not merely for the advancement of science, but to affirm the sovereignty and long-term interest of African populations.
Ribeiro et al. (2026) studied this question.