is exceptionally selective for Ni(II). The mechanism, elucidated through XPS and DFT calculations (ESP, DOS, and adsorption energy), verifies coordination between metal ions and the N/O atoms of hard base groups. Additionally, the introduction of -COOH groups through para-functionalization improves the adsorption rate and selectivity per functional group by modulating the electronic structure. This study provides fundamental insights into the structure-activity relationship, aiding in the design of highly selective MOF-based adsorbents.
Yu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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