MXenes achieve picomolar affinity and rapid preconcentration of PFAS through biomimetic binding architectures. It also details the mechanism by which CRISPR-Cas12a, guided by PFAS-specific aptamers, enables single-molecule discrimination with attomolar sensitivity. Finally, this review paper demonstrates how microfluidic networks orchestrate this synergy, miniaturizing the entire assay into a portable, multiplexed platform that reduces analysis time from hours to minutes. Synergistically unifying breakthroughs in nanomaterials, synthetic biology, and lab-on-a-chip design, this work provides both a methodological blueprint for ultrasensitive PFAS sensors and a relevant roadmap for implementing proactive, decentralized water quality monitoring.
Awais et al. (2026) studied this question.