This article examines the theoretical foundations of national-cultural vocabulary, national realia, and exoticisms. It also analyzes the problems arising in the process of transferring Uzbek non-equivalent lexical units into foreign languages, particularly issues related to transliteration, phonetic adaptation, and cultural loss. The findings of the study demonstrate the necessity of preserving national realia in forms as close as possible to the original.
Usmonova Zamira Jaxongirovna (2026) studied this question.