Alternative Futures: How Can Cultural Heritage Be Mobilized for Peace Rather than War?

The devastating war in Ukraine has prompted a fundamental reassessment of Europe’s future security. In this context, archaeologists and heritage professionals must critically examine the role of cultural heritage and the past in shaping modern conflicts. This is the starting point of my discussion. I will explore the consequences for society and policy of Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent war, with a focus on cultural and heritage-related dimensions. I will also assess current policy responses, highlight their limitations, and consider alternative approaches that may foster more constructive outcomes. As I see it, the question is not whether peace is possible but how we can make it possible, drawing on the power of culture and cultural heritage. My aim is to create discus-sion and a broader debate on this important and timely topic.