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Abstract The investigation is still lacking concerning the effect of soil moisture (SM) on the evolution of planetary boundary layer (PBL) under different land conditions in a huge domain as large as China. We perform an explicit correlation analysis between daytime PBL height (PBLH) and SM for convective, neutral and stable boundary layer regimes (i.e., CBL, NBL, and SBL), respectively. A negative correlation exists between SM and daytime PBLH for CBL and NBL, exhibiting a spatial pattern of “east strong west weak”, albeit a positive correlation for SBL. The standard deviation of PBLH for CBL and NBL exhibits a spatial pattern of “northwest high southeast low”. Cloudy, humid, and stable atmosphere result in CBL shoaling. PBLH more correlates with the sensible heat flux (CBL: r = 0.25; NBL: r = 0.33) over dry areas, but over Northwest China the PBL depends more on meteorology likely owing to the extremely dry soil.
Xu et al. (2021) studied this question.