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A moving dielectric medium acts as an effective gravitational field on light. One can use media with extremely low group velocities Lene Vestergaard Hau et al., Nature (London) 397, 594 (1999) to create dielectric analogs of astronomical effects on Earth. In particular, a vortex flow imprints a long-ranging topological effect on incident light and can behave like an optical black hole.
Leonhardt et al. (2000) studied this question.
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