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Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the core drivers of industrial development and a critical factor in promoting the integration of emerging technologies, such as graphic processing unit, Internet of Things, cloud computing, and the blockchain, in the new generation of big data and Industry 4.0. In this paper, we construct an extensive survey over the period 1961–2018 of AI and deep learning. The research provides a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners through the multi-angle systematic analysis of AI, from underlying mechanisms to practical applications, from fundamental algorithms to industrial achievements, from current status to future trends. Although there exist many issues toward AI, it is undoubtful that AI has become an innovative and revolutionary assistant in a wide range of applications and fields.
Yang Lu (2019) studied this question.