Electrically driven singlet-triplet transition in triangulene spin-1 chains

Recently, graphene triangulene chains have been synthesized, and their magnetic response has been analyzed by scanning tunneling microscopy methods by Mishra et al. Nature (London) 598, 287 (2021). Motivated by this study, we determine the exchange bilinear and biquadratic constants of the triangulene chains by calculating two-spin rotations in the spirit of the magnetic force theorem. We then analyze open-ended, odd-numbered chains, whose edge states pair up forming a triplet ground state. We propose three experimental approaches that enable us to trigger and control a singlet-triplet spin transition. Two of these methods are based on applying a mechanical distortion to the chain. We finally show that the transition can be controlled efficiently by the application of an electric field.