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Children and older adults are two core groups in the nursing system with distinct needs and high economic dependence. The dual pressures of global aging and persistent childhood health issues strain nursing resources and raise concerns about long-term financial sustainability. Cost-effectiveness analysis provides a key framework for evaluating the economic efficiency of nursing interventions for these populations. It shows that child nursing acts as a forward-looking investment with significant long-term health and social returns, while care for older adults focuses on sustained management to maintain quality of life and alleviate caregiver burdens. To improve the nursing system, this perspective study proposes strategies based on integrated life-course care, precise resource allocation, technological support, and reforms in policy and financing. Implementing these approaches can enhance the efficiency of resource use and advance the equity, effectiveness, and sustainability of nursing care.
Du et al. (2026) studied this question.
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