Beyond traditional risk factors, inflammatory, pro-thrombotic, and metabolic pathways contribute significantly to residual cardiovascular risk and represent important targets for emerging therapies.
Do therapies targeting inflammatory, pro-thrombotic, and metabolic pathways reduce residual cardiovascular risk in patients with ASCVD on optimal medical therapy?
This review highlights the importance of addressing residual cardiovascular risk through inflammatory, pro-thrombotic, and metabolic pathways beyond traditional LDL-C lowering.
Despite unprecedented advances in treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, it remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Treatment of major traditional risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, serves as the foundation of atherosclerotic risk reduction. However, there remains a significant residual risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal risk factor management. Beyond traditional risk factors, other drivers of residual risk have come to the forefront, including inflammatory, pro-thrombotic, and metabolic pathways that contribute to recurrent events and are often unrecognized and not addressed in clinical practice. This review will explore the evidence linking these pathways to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and potential future therapeutic options to attenuate residual cardiovascular risk conferred by these pathways.
Dhindsa et al. (2020) conducted a review in Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and metabolic therapies was evaluated. Beyond traditional risk factors, inflammatory, pro-thrombotic, and metabolic pathways contribute significantly to residual cardiovascular risk and represent important targets for emerging therapies.