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A new class of highly efficient oxygen evolution catalysts has been synthesized through the self-assembly of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets and carbon nanotubes, driven by π-π stacking and electrostatic interactions. Remarkably, the catalysts exhibit higher catalytic oxygen evolution activity and stronger durability than Ir-based noble-metal catalysts and display the best performance among the reported nonmetal catalysts. This good result is attributed to the high nitrogen content and the efficient mass and charge transfer in the porous three-dimensional nanostructure.
Ma et al. (2014) studied this question.