Mendelian randomization analyses explore the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and genitourinary diseases

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, plays a significant role in the development of various conditions, including genitourinary diseases (GDs). Nevertheless, the precise relationship between IBD and GDs must still be more adequately understood. This research utilized a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to identify the underlying relationships between IBD and 27 GDs. Data from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit Open genome-wide association studies project summarized findings from genome-wide association studies. Five MR analyses were used to investigate the impact of IBD on GDs, primarily utilizing the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method for causal effects assessment. Moreover, sensitivity analyses were utilized to examine the heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the results. The IVW method revealed results suggesting that CD may be associated with an elevated risk of hypertensive renal disease (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–1.31, P value = .0036), diabetic nephropathy (IVW OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.11, P value = .049), chronic kidney disease (IVW OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.11, P value = .0069), chronic renal failure (IVW OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, P value = .0034), calculus of kidney and ureter (IVW OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11, P value = .00070), neuromuscular dysfunction of bladder (IVW OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.16, P value = .014), and hydronephrosis (IVW OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.14, P value = .027). Moreover, ulcerative colitis was potentially linked to an increased likelihood of neuromuscular dysfunction of bladder (IVW OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00–1.21, P value = .046) and prostatitis (IVW OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04–1.20, P value = .0019). Results obtained from MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods were similar to those of the IVW approach. Moreover, heterogeneity and pleiotropy are unlikely to distort according to the sensitivity analysis results. In conclusion, our findings indicate a potential link between IBD and certain GDs; however, additional confirmation is required.