Modern mathematics faces inherent crises of disciplinary fragmentation, dimensional disconnection, and lack of a unified ontological foundation. Hetu and Luoshu, as ancient Chinese numerical archetypes, have long been confined to cultural symbols rather than rigorous mathematical structures. Based on the PFUS 55. 0 Ultimate Unified System, this paper redefines Hetu (H) as a 5D primordial field generation system and Luoshu (L) as a 3D projected steady-state matrix of 4D space. It establishes a strict 1: 1 correspondence between Hetu–Luoshu and modern mathematics, including finite fields, group theory, topology, and 4D geometry. This work achieves the first unification of ancient Hetu–Luoshu numerics and modern 4D mathematics under a single ontological framework, demonstrating that PFUS can accommodate traditional numerics and govern modern mathematics. It elevates Hetu and Luoshu from cultural patterns to primordial high-dimensional mathematical prototypes and provides a unified mathematical foundation for the ultimate unity of traditional and modern sciences.
Zhenmin Wang (2026) studied this question.